Coke oven and process of operating same



Oct. 19 1926. 1,603,793

c. OTTO COKE OVEN AND PROCESS OF OPERATING SAME Filed Deo. 10, 1925 Pfg/1 LEO?" A TTOHNE Y Patented Oct. 19, 1926.

CARL OTTO, F ESSEN-ON-THE-RUHR, GERMANY.

COKE OVEN AND PROCESS OF OPERATING SAME.

Application filed December 10, 1925, Serial No. 74,444, and in Germany ,September 25, 1924.

This invention relates .to continuously operated coke ovens having vertical coke chambers. y

With ovens of this kind-the coalto be dist tilled has hitherto been caused to'uniformly glide down and to be withdrawn by means of conveying drums or Worms. The cooling of the coke and the production of water gas is effected by steam supplied under constant pressure to the coke chambers.

Owingito the dense structure of the coke cake formed during distillation of the coal and sinking down in the chamber as a closed baked mass, however, the outer surface only of the coke cake comesinto contact with the supplied steam and the production of water gas takes place in a correspondingly small degree. lin order to enable it to be emptied through the withdrawing openings, the coke cake has further to be crushed by the withdrawing mechanism.

The invention has for its object to obviate this drawback. According to the invention the coke cake is loosened within the coke chamber by a useful method of withdrawing it from this chamber so that it is deprived 'of its dense structure. rlhe loosened coke thus offers the largest possible contact surface for the production of water gas; the 30 loosening of the coke further enables it to be withdrawn from the lower openings, without any mechanism; the production of steam, finally, and the formation of water gas, if desired, is regulated automatically in accordance with the temperature of the coke at the level of the water mantle.

lin order to allow the invention to be more readily understood, a perferred embodiment of the subject matter thereof is illustrated in the accompanying drawing which forms part of this specilicatlon.

Fig. 1 is a vertical section of the oven chamber and the parts connected therewith, and

Fig. 2 is a sectional detail of the steam pipe supplying system.

ig. 3 is a horizontal cross section on line 3-3 of Fig. 1.

1 denotes the vertical and tapered coking chamber, enlarged towards its base and the refractory walls 2 of which are heated indirectly in the usual manner. Below the chamber 1 is arranged a lprolongation. 3 which serves as a coke receptacle and is subdivided by a partition 4 so as to form two or more individual compartments 5., The

partition 4 terminates at its lower end into a hollow tapered cup 6 situated at a small vdistance above a basefplate 7. Adjacent to this base-plate are emptying openings for the compartments, each rovided with a fla 8, the number of which openings -depen s on that of the compartments 5. vFor the sake of clearness only two compartments 5 are shown.

The above-described lows:

-A determined quantity of coke is withdrawn through one of the flaps 8 into thev receptacle 30. By this withdrawal the coke 1n the one half of the chamber 1 is set in motion and loosened by the upper coke layers slipping down so that the lower, enlarged space of the chamber 1 is completel filled by the loosenedv coke. After the sai flap 8 has been closed again, an equal quantity of coke 1s withdrawn by opening the second 'flap 8.

Owing to this selective withdrawal the coke is so loosened within the chamber 1 that it completely fills the enlarged lower portion thereof. Owing to this slipping down of the coke, it enters the range of the up-per portion of the prolongation 3 which is constructed as a water jacket 11 and atv the same 95 time serves as a steam generator. Fresh coal will correspondingly follow into the chamber 1 from the feed tank 9 into which it is supplied from a charging hopper l0.

A larger quantity of steam is immediately required in order to cool the coke which has slipped down, as described. This steam is delivered automatically by the water jacket or steam generator 11 and streams through a steam collector 12 and pipe 13 into the space 14 situated between the cup 6 and the steam delecting hase-plate 7 from where the steam is spread out uniformly into the individual compartments 5, whereby a very quick and uniform cooling of the coke is attained. The steam is superheated by this cooling operation and will find a very large contact surface in the loosened hot coke layers filling the klower portion of the chamber 1 so that it is here decomposed into water gas. The water as thus generated escapes together with t e gases of distillation through collecting pipe 15 into the hydraulic main 16 mounted on the super-structure 17 of the oven.

In some cases it will be preferable to not cool the coke in the receptacle 3 by4 water v oven works as folgas, but by another gas. To this end the gas of distillation produced by the coking operation as well as any desired foreign gas may be made use of, for instance generator gas or waste combustion gas. In using such gases the advantage is offered .that these gases produce, in the lower portion of the chamber, the desired cooling action, while they will exert a drying effect upon the fed fresh coa-l iii the upper portion of said chamber, this being an important. advantage particularly in case coal containinga comparatively large quantity of Water is to be distilled.

The gases of distillation produced by the coking operation may be introduced in the receptacle 3, as mentioned, by a pipe 18 branched off from the collecting pipe 15, pipe 18 being connected to pipe 13, as shown in the drawing. If foreign gases are used as cooling media, these gases are supplied to the receptacle 3 through a short pipe 19 -likewise connected to pipe 13. Inl such a case the steam from the collector 11, the gases from the collecting pipe 15 and the foreign gases supplied by pipe 19 may be used selectively or in common as cooling mediums. Valves Q0, 21, 22 serve in the usual way for cutting ofi` the individual i es.

p aving now particularly described and ascertained the nature of this invention and iii` what manner the same is to be performed, it will be understood, the changes usual to those skilled in the art may be made in carrying the invention into eilect without departing from its principle, I declare that what I claim is 1. A coke oven having a vertical coke chamber having heating walls and provided with a prolongation situated below. said chamber, a partition in said prolongation so as to form a plurality of individual compartments, each of said compartments having an emptying opening and means for closing said openings.

2. A coke oven having a vertical coke chamber, provided with a prolongation situated below said chamber, a partition in said prolongation so as to form a plurality of individual compartments, said partition terminating in a hollow cup, a base-plate arranged below said cup, said base-plate having adjacent thereto emptying openings, one for each compartment, and means for closing said openings.

3. A coke oven having a vertical coke chamber having heating walls and provided with a prolongation situated below said chamber, a water jacket arranged around the upper portion of said prolongation, a partition in said prolongation so asito form a plurality of individual compartments, means for supplying steam from said water jacket to said compartment-s, each of said compartments provided with an emptying opening and means for closing said openings.

Il. A coke oven having a vertical coke chamber, provided with a prolongation situated below said chamber, a water jacket arranged around tlie upper portion of said prolongation, a partition in said prolonga- V tion so as to form a plurality of individual compartments, a steam collector, a pipe connection between said water jacket and said steam collector, a pipe connection between said steam collector and the interior of said prolongation, said compartments having each an emptying opening, and means for closin said openings.

5. coke oven having a vertical coke chamber provided with a prolongation situated below said chamber, a partition in said prolongation so as to form a plurality of individual compartments, said partition terminating in a hollow cup, a base-plate arranged below said cup, said base-plate having arranged adjacent thereto emptyin openings corresponding in number to sai compartments, means for closing said openings, a water jacket arranged around the upper portion of said prolongation, a steam collector, a pipe connection between said water jacket and said steam collector, and a pipe connecting the space situated between said baseplate and said cup, with said steam collector.

6. A coke oven having a vertical coke chamber provided with a prolongation situated below said chamber, a partition in said prolongation so as to form a plurality of individual compartments, said partition terminating in a hollow cup, a base-plate arranged elow said cup, said base-plate having arranged adjacent thereto, emptying openings correspondin in number to said compartments, means or closing said openings, a water jacket arranged around the upper portion of said prolongation, a steam collector, a pipe connection between said water jacket and said steam collector, a pipe connecting the steam collector with'the space between said base-plate and said cup, means for cutting off said last-named pipe connection, a collecting pipe on said coking chamber for the gases of distillation, a branch pipe connecting said collecting pipe and said pipe connecting the space between said baseplate and said cup with the steam collector, a connecting branch on said last-named pipe for supplying foreign gases, means for cutting off said foreign gaspipe and means for cutting olf said connecting branch and said branch pipe.

7. The process of discharging coke from a vertical coke oven having a prolongation provided with emptying openings at the bottom of the prolongation of the oven chamber, and ywith closures for said openin s, which consists in successively opening t e said emptying openings and successively discharging the coke therethrough by avity, whereby the structure of the coke ling said prolongation and in said chamber is loosened. l

8. The process of producing and cooling hot coke in a vertical coke oven provided with heating walls and a depending prolongation, forming a coke receiving chamber below the heating Walls, said prolongation surrounded by a water jacket, which consists in producing hot coke in said oven and supplying said coke while still hot to said prolongation so as to generate steam from the water in said jacket, supplying the steam generated in said water jacket by the hot coke into the interior of the prolongation, thereby cooling the coke, the quantity of supplied steam increasing with the temperature of the coke filling said prolongation.

In testimony whereof, name to this specification.

CARL OTTO.

I have signed my 20 

